var photocredit = "'' 'Icicles hang from an “ice tree” used to develop better ways of measuring ice accumulation during storms at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest near Woodstock. “If we do have these big ice storms, how much treefall will there be? Regular Granite Geek readers will know that I’m one of those CoCoRaHS volunteers, having gathered data in my yard for years using a calibrated rain gauge and a board for gathering snow totals. To drive a car or small pickup on ice you need at least 8 to 12 inches of ice. (That awkward name means Collaborative Community Rain Hail Snow network.) Removal of dead trees alone is insufficient for preventing bark beetle outbreaks. Measurements of sea ice concentration (the local fraction of ice covered ocean) are inferred from satellite observations of thermal microwave radiation emitted from the Earth's surface. Teams have been creating artificial ice storms at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest for several years to better understand their damage and impact. The data is being crunched to determine which material and design most accurately reflected the water that fell, and which measuring system is best. ... After the ice storm, the amount of sanitary felling because of outbreaks increased in areas with more steeper slopes, where the ice storm took place. objLink.LinkClass = "mycapturelink"; Spruce trees were either uprooted or snapped, or the crown was lightly to severely damaged. “When you first start doing the icing, with the sprayer slowly going back and forth, coating dowels or trees, it’s sparkling, it’s tinkling – it’s one of the most beautiful weather events you have,” said Lindsey Rustad, a research ecologist and team leader at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest near Woodstock, where a series of experiments create artificial ice storms to teach us more about the phenomenon. var objLink = new myC_Remote.BuyLink(); For ice fishing, ice skating and walking, you need 4 inches or more of ice. ... How about emergency management, utilities?”. There are obvious reasons for knowing more about ice storms, the most destructive of winter events. How should forest managers respond, should they be thinning the forest in different ways? objLink.LinkTarget = "_blank"; '"; The effects of a large-scale ice storm event on the drivers of bark beetle outbreaks and associated management practices. Biotic disturbances can have cascading effects and therefore have a significant economic impact in forestry. A country-wide survey was done on the variables affecting ice storm damage to spruce trees. objLink.LinkClass = "mycapturelink"; Maybe one day it will be known as the home of the Ice Measurement Tree. That sort of push for certainty is the reason that Hubbard Brook Forest exists in the first place. objLink.LinkContent = " » Buy this Image"; ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. objLink.Notes = "From this page " + currentLocation; if (photocredit.indexOf(sellablestring) > -1) { Removal of dead trees alone is insufficient for preventing bark beetle outbreaks. When defining measures against bark beetle outbreaks, drivers in epidemic situations should be prioritized over those that are important in endemic situations. var currentLocation = window.location; objLink.Render(); '"; The removal of dead trees alone in the first year after the ice storm was found to be an insufficient measure for preventing bark beetle outbreaks. objLink.BackText = "Go back to the Concord Monitor"; Ice storm affects drivers of bark beetle outbreaks. Unless you’re a certain kind of scientist, that is; then they’re fascinating in a scary sort of way. Outbreaks were potentiated by the increasing amount of spruce. Photos courtesy of Clara Chaisson / Hubbard Brook Forest }, The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in Woodstock is seen Feb. 19. }, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Field and Maintenance technician Gabe Winant measures ice accumulation during a field test Feb. 19. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in Woodstock is seen Feb. 19. Last week teams created their latest artificial ice storm. For snowmobiles and ATVs, you need at least 5 inches. Unless you’re a certain kind of scientist, that is; then they’re fascinating in a scary sort of way. var currentheadline = document.getElementById("headline").innerText; “It was a crazy concoction of these devices, in a very specific statistical design,” Rustad said. I look forward to adding an “ice tree” to the mix. Twenty-four little “trees” were arrayed in a pattern, some made of wood some aluminum, some wire, with “branches” at three different angles and three different diameters and covered with different surfaces. var sellablestring = "MONITOR STAFF"; objLink.Credit = "''"; Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Site Manager Ian Halm sprays water over a series of test “trees” Feb. 19 as part of an experiment to develop better methods of measuring ice accumulation during storms. var photocredit = "'Photos courtesy of Clara Chaisson / Hubbard Brook Forest' 'Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Site Manager Ian Halm sprays water over a series of test “trees” Feb. 19 as part of an experiment to develop better methods of measuring ice accumulation during storms. I groaned when Rustad delivered this depressing news, but she would have none of it. Ice storms are everybody’s least favorite type of winter weather. Over the years more than 100 Ph.D. theses have been based on work at Hubbard Brook while more than 1,500 research papers have come out of here on topics ranging from nitrogen leaching to the life of ground beetles to the decay rates of bark. It is therefore important to gain an understanding of the drivers of forest pest outbreaks in epidemic situations after large-scale disturbances and the implications for forest management. “We don’t expect a change in location or how frequently they happen, but we do expect a change in intensity. objLink.Render(); if (photocredit.indexOf(sellablestring) > -1) { 19. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. After the ice storm, the amount of sanitary felling because of outbreaks increased in areas with more steeper slopes, where the ice storm took place. Additionally, the influence of the drivers of bark beetle attacks on outbreak intensity was assessed and compared under epidemic and endemic situations, and the effectiveness of forest management measures was assessed. It goes from a beautiful, mesmerizing experience to absolutely terrifying in the space of four to five hours,” she said. The outbreaks under endemic situations were potentiated by the increasing amount of spruce and reduced by increasing slope. var photocredit = photocredit.toUpperCase(); var objLink = new myC_Remote.BuyLink(); Spruce trees were either uprooted or snapped, or the crown was lightly to severely damaged. var photocredit = "'' 'The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in Woodstock is seen Feb. var photocredit = photocredit.toUpperCase(); The removal of dead trees alone in the first year after the ice storm was found to be an insufficient measure for preventing bark beetle outbreaks. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. 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