In 1924, the Communist International suggested that all Balkan communist parties adopt a platform of a "United Macedonia" but the suggestion was rejected by the Bulgarian and Greek communists.[88]. It is a transit way for shipment of goods from Greece, through the Balkans, towards Eastern, Western and Central Europe and through Bulgaria to the east. The Aegean basin is the largest. In August 2004, parliament passed legislation redrawing local boundaries and giving greater local autonomy to ethnic Albanians in areas where they predominate. The most important cultural events in the country are the Ohrid Summer festival of classical music and drama, the Struga Poetry Evenings which gather poets from more than 50 countries in the world, International Camera Festival in Bitola, Open Youth Theatre and Skopje Jazz Festival in Skopje etc. Its main goals remain the development and maintenance of a credible capability to defend the nation's vital interests and development of the Armed Forces in a way that ensures their interoperability with the armed forces of NATO and the European Union member states and their capability to participate in the full range of NATO missions. [57], Politicians and scholars from North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Greece have opposing views about the existence and distinctiveness of the Macedonian language. Macedonian music styles developed under the strong influence of Byzantine church music. This article is about the modern South Slavic language. The sequence /aa/ is often realized phonetically as [aː]; e.g. 2000, p.307, Papahagi, Pericle, Meglenoromânii, Studiu etnografico - istoric, Editura Institutului de Arte Grafice Carol Gobl, București, 1902. [49] Likewise, this view does not take into account the fact that a Macedonian koiné language was already in existence. As of July 2013, it has over 72,000 articles. As of July 2013, it has over 72,000 articles. Examples of personal pronouns are shown below: Relative pronouns can refer to a person (кој, која, кое - who), objects (што - which) or serve as indicators of possession (чиј, чија, чие - whose) in the function of a question or a relative word. The first plural type is most common and used to indicate regular plurality of nouns: маж - мажи (a man - men), маса - маси (a table - table), село - села (a village - villages). Macedonian adjectives agree in form with the noun they modify and are thus are thus inflected for gender, number and definiteness and убав changes to убава (убава жена, a beautiful woman) when used to describe a feminine noun, убаво when used to describe a neuter noun (убаво дете, a beautiful child) and убави when used to form the plural (убави мажи, убави жени, убави деца). [36] Despite the renaming, the country is still unofficially referred to as 'Macedonia' by its citizens and most of the local media outlets. Samuil reestablished Bulgarian power, but after several decades of conflicts, in 1014, the Byzantine Emperor Basil II defeated his armies, and within four years the Byzantines restored control over the Balkans (including North Macedonia) for the first time since the 7th century. The second-largest group are the Albanians, who dominated much of the northwestern part of the country. Furthermore, the и-subgroup is divided into three more subgroups: а-, е- and и-subgroups. [75] As many as 641 Bulgarian schools and 761 churches were closed by the Serbs, while Exarchist clergy and teachers were expelled. "Kraljevina Jugoslavija! [30] With the book, the author proposed a Macedonian grammar and expressed the goal of codifying the language and using it in schools. Andrew Rossos, Macedonia and the Macedonians: A History, Hoover Press, 2013. North Macedonia[c] (Macedonia until February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,[d] is a country in Southeast Europe. The major interest of the country is a full integration in the European and the Trans-Atlantic integration processes. Besides Macedonian and Albanian, minority languages with substantial numbers of speakers are Turkish (including Balkan Gagauz[209]), Romani, Serbian/Bosnian and Aromanian (including Megleno-Romanian). St Antony’s Series. The first May Opera performance was that of Kiril Makedonski's Tsar Samuil in May 1972.[215]. Macedonian verbs are conventionally divided into three main conjugations according to the thematic vowel used in the citation form (i.e. [199], Eastern Orthodox Christianity is the majority faith of North Macedonia, making up 65% of the population, the vast majority of whom belong to the Macedonian Orthodox Church. TEKO TV (1989) from Štip is the first private television channel in the country. [66], Several movements whose goals were the establishment of an autonomous Macedonia, which would encompass the entire region of Macedonia, began to arise in the late 19th century; the earliest of these was the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees, later becoming Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (SMARO). The Mystery of the Name “Macedon”. Another sound that is not represented in the written form but is pronounced in words is the schwa. [14][15], Slavic people who settled on the Balkans, spoke their own dialects and used other dialects or languages to communicate with other people. The international consensus outside of Bulgaria is that Macedonian is an autonomous language within the Eastern South Slavic dialect continuum. The Macedonian Orthodox Church has jurisdiction over 10 provinces (seven in the country and three abroad), has 10 bishops and about 350 priests. The Black Sea basin is the smallest with only 37 km2 (14 sq mi). The state dropped Socialist from its name in 1991 when it peacefully seceded from Yugoslavia. [53], In addition, a more detailed classification can be based on the modern reflexes of the Proto-Slavic reduced vowels (yers), vocalic sonorants, and the back nasal *ǫ. [112] They departed shortly after the war, and Albanian nationalists on both sides of the border took up arms soon after in pursuit of autonomy or independence for the Albanian-populated areas of North Macedonia. Culture – Republic of Macedonia”, Țări independente sau recunoscute parțial și regiuni nesuverane în Europa, https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macedonia_de_Nord&oldid=13523486, Mentenanță CS1: Text în plus: lista autorilor, Articole cu surse în limba macedoneană (mk), Pagini ce folosesc legături automate către ISBN, Pagini cu note flexibile de dimensiune diferită, Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice. [64] To note which syllable of the word should be accented, Macedonian uses an apostrophe over its vowels. [66], Macedonian grammar is markedly analytic in comparison with other Slavic languages, having lost the common Slavic case system. The Macedonian language shows some special and, in some cases, unique characteristics due to its central position in the Balkans. At the NATO 2008 Bucharest summit, Macedonia failed to gain an invitation to join the organisation because Greece vetoed the move after the dispute over the name issue. Prior to June 2018, the use of the name Macedonia was disputed between Greece and the then-Republic of Macedonia. [79] As a replacement for the dative case, the preposition на is used in combination with a short indirect object form to denote an action that is related to the indirect object of a sentence, Му давам книга на Иван (I am giving a book to Ivan), Им велам нешто на децата (I am saying something to the children). [89] On 9 October 1934 IMRO member Vlado Chernozemski assassinated Alexander I of Yugoslavia. [80][81], During the standardization process, there was deliberate care taken to try to purify the lexicon of the language.
The state's name derives from the Greek word Μακεδονία (Makedonía),[14][15] a kingdom (later, region) named after the ancient Macedonians. хотел, hotel), toponyms (Пехчево, Pehčevo), words originating from Old Church Slavonic (дух, ghost), newly formed words (доход, income) and as a means to disambiguate between two words (храна, food vs. рана, wound). [182], In terms of foreign trade, the largest sector contributing to the country's export in 2014 was "chemicals and related products" at 21.4%, followed by the "machinery and transport equipment" sector at 21.1%. Mitwirken. [66], Macedonian has developed a grammatical category which specifies the opposition of witnessed and reported actions (also known as renarration). It was referred to within the UN as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", until the resolution of the long-running dispute with Greece about the country's name. Bulgarian teachers and clergy were expelled, Bulgarian language signs and books removed, and all Bulgarian organisations dissolved. and unspecific (тоа - that one (neut.)) [54], The Romans established the province of Macedonia in 146 BC. Talat Xhaferi l-a primit pe ambasadorul UE, „Talat Xhaferi: Macedonia's Controversial Defence Chief”, „Republic of Macedonia, Ministry of foreign affairs”, „Bulgaria: Macedonia Remains Out of NATO Because of Greek Veto over Name Dispute – Novinite.com – Sofia News Agency”, „Greece stands by NATO veto threat for Macedonia”, „A Name for a Conflict or a Conflict for a Name? количество) → количина 'amount, quantity', согласие (Russ. [103][104], The Greek scientific and local community was opposed to using the denomination Macedonian to refer to the language in light of the Greek-Macedonian naming dispute. Билярски, Ц. Непубликувани документи за дейността на Тодор Александров 1910–1919, сп. [66][70], There are three different types of plural: regular, counted and collective.
[19] As such, Macedonian served as one of the three official languages of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1991. words suffixed with -ќи): e.g. [142] The region is seismically active and has been the site of destructive earthquakes in the past, most recently in 1963 when Skopje was heavily damaged by a major earthquake, killing over 1,000. Since the 1980s the Protestant community has grown, partly through new confidence and partly with outside missionary help.
[221] Manchevski continues to be the most prominent modern filmmaker in the country having subsequently written and directed Dust and Shadows. It was seriously destabilised by the Kosovo War in 1999, when an estimated 360,000 ethnic Albanian refugees from Kosovo took refuge in the country. The gender opposition is not distinctively marked in the plural. [60], Macedonian nouns (именки) belong to one of three genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter) and are inflected for number (singular and plural), and marginally for case. Per this grammatical category, one can distinguish between минато определено i.e. Each citizen aged 18 years or older can vote for one of the political parties. [42] Macedonian also has more than 50,000 native speakers in countries of Western Europe, predominantly in Germany, Switzerland and Italy. That classification distinguishes between the following 6 groups:[54], The phonological system of Standard Macedonian is based on the Prilep-Bitola dialect.
[94] Different linguists have argued that during its codification, the Macedonian standard language was Serbianized with regards to its orthography[95][96][97][98][99] and vocabulary.
викáјќи ([viˈkajci]: shouting), одéјќи ([ɔˈdɛjci]: walking); adverbs of time: годинáва ([godiˈnava]: this year), летóво ([leˈtovo]: this summer); foreign loanwords: e.g.
Lerner W. Goetingen, Formation of the standard language - Macedonian in the Slavic languages, Volume 32, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2014, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Macedonian Language Institute "Krste Misirkov", Ss.